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23 Aralık 2024, Pazartesi
Erken emekli olmak isteyenler dikkat! Giriş: 28.11.2018 00:00 Güncelleme: 28.11.2018 10:07 SSK, Bağ-Kur ve Emekli Sandığı gibi kurumların birden fazlasında çalışanlar için 1 Ekim 2008'den sonra 1.261 gün hangi kuruma prim ödenmişse oradan emekli olunuyor. Peki 1.261 gün formülü nedir? Ne zaman ve nasıl yapılmalı? Memurlar yararlanabiliyor mu? İşte merak edilen sorunların yanıtları...
SEÇİM ERKEN EMEKLİ EDİYOR VE MAAŞI ARTIRIYOR
Emeklilik hesapları yapılırken çalıştığınız günler ve ödediğiniz primler çok önemli. Bu primlerin hangi kurumdan yapıldığı da sizin emeklilik tarihiniz açısından önem kazanıyor. Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu çatısı altında toplanan Bağ-Kur, SSK ve Emekli Sandığı kurumlarında birden fazlasında çalışması bulunanlar için seçim yaparken devreye son 3.5 yıl yani 1.261 gün giriyor.
Çalışanların emeklilik hesapları yapılırken tüm hizmetleri hesaba katılıyor. Tabii bunun için hizmet birleştirmesi dediğimiz yöntemin uygulanması gerekiyor. 2008'deki reformla tüm kurumlar (SSK, Bağ-Kur ve Emekli Sandığı ile banka sandıkları) SGK (Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu) çatısı altında birleştirildi. Kurumlar arası çalışmalar belli yöntemlerle birleştiriliyor, emekli olunacak kurum belirleniyor. Bir çalışan hem SSK'lı hem Bağ-Kurlu hatta hem de Emekli Sandığı'na tabi olarak çalışabilir. Çalışmalarının tamamı prim gününü oluşturuyor. Birleştirilen çalışmalara askerlik doğum borçlanmasıyla elde edilen günler de ilave edilebiliyor.
SON 1261 GÜN FORMÜLÜ Birden fazla kurumda çalışan kişinin hangi kurumdan emekli olacağı konusu gündeme getiriliyor. Bu noktada iki ayrı işlem bulunuyor. 1 Ekim 2008'den önce sigortalı olanlar için kural son 7 yıldaki 1.261 gün olarak işletiliyor. Yani siz son 1.261 gün hangi kuruma prim ödemişseniz hizmetlerinizin birleşmesinden sonra o kurumdan emekli oluyorsunuz. 1 Ekim 2008'den sonra sigortalı olanlarda ise hangi kuruma daha çok prim ödenmişse emeklilik de o kurumdan gerçekleşiyor.
1 Ekim 2008 öncesi sigortalıların son 7 yılda çalıştıkları iki kurumun hizmet süreleri eşit ise (1.260 gün) o zaman son çalışılan kurum emeklilikte geçerli oluyor ve maaş buradan bağlanıyor. Bir örnekle anlatalım. Bay A 02.10.1997 tarihinde Bağ-Kur'lu (4B) olarak ilk kez sigortasını yaptırdı. 10 yıl sonra işyerini kapatan Bay A 2007 yılından sonra bir firmada SSK'lı (4A) olarak çalışmaya başladı. Emeklilik zamanı gelen Bay A hizmet birleştirmesi yaptı. Bay A'nın emekli olacağı kurum son 7 yıldaki çalışmalarından bulunuyor. Buna göre son 7 yıl en az 3.5 yılı SSK'lı olan Bay A'nın emekliliği SSK'ya göre yapılıyor.
NE ZAMAN VE NASIL YAPMALI? Birden fazla kurumda çalışmanız varsa hizmet birleştirmesi yaparak prim sayılarınızı tamamlayabilirsiniz. Bunun için emeklilik döneminiz gelmeden bir süre önce SGK'ya başvurarak işlemi gerçekleştirebilirsiniz. Başvurunuzun mutlaka yazılı olması gerekiyor
MEMURLARIN DURUMU Memurların hizmet birleştirmesi yapmaları onlara farklı avantajlar da sağlıyor. Memurlar hizmet birleştirmesi yaparak 1 Ekim 2008 öncesi hizmetleriyle emekli aylığına esas teşkil eden derece ve kademelerini yükseltebiliyor. Böylece maaşları da artıyor.
MAAŞI DA ARTIRIR Emekli maaşı hesabında Bağ-Kur yerine SSK'dan emekli olmak daha avantajlı. SSK'dan emekli olma imkanınız varsa; isteğe bağlı sigorta, tarım SSK, tarım Bağ-Kur, zorunlu Bağ- Kur seçeneklerini ikinci planda tutun. 1 Ekim 2008'den önce sigortalı olanlarda hangi kurumdan emekli olunacağının belirlenmesi için son 7 yıldaki çalışmalara bakılır. Yani SSK'dan emekli olmak için son 3.5 yıl SSK'lı olmak ya da 7 yıl içinde 3.5 yılı aşan süre SSK'lı olmak gerekiyor. SSK'dan emeklilik hem daha erken emekli olma hem de daha yüksek maaş alma imkanı sunuyor. FARUK ERDEM- YENİ ASIR
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